光学微腔由于其高品质因子（Q）特性具有广泛的应用前景.本文以光学微球腔为例分析了影响Q的各种因素，并通过实验研究分析了光学微球腔所处环境对Q的影响.选用直径约为260 μm的典型微球腔与锥形光纤进行耦合，通过透射谱的变化来反应Q的变化，结果表明，微球腔周围水蒸气的光吸收损耗和粉尘的散射损耗对微球腔的Q影响较大，能够导致Q降低1~2个数量级.

The Whispering Gallery Mode(WGM)optical microcavity has a wide range of applications for its high quality factor (Q). Various factors affecting the Q of optical microsphere cavities were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. WGM of microsphere with a diameter of 260 μm was achieved through coupling a tapered fiber. Experiments demonstrated that the water and dust around the microsphere cavity have great effects on the Q, which are mainly the optical absorption loss of water and scattering loss of dust, leading to 1~2 orders of magnitude lower of Q.