概述了自相似孤子光纤激光器研究的最新理论分析和实验结果。论述了由于增益色散的存在，光纤激光器的动力学机制描述和数值计算的理论基础必须用偶合的金斯堡朗道方程（CGLE），而不是广义非线性薛定谔方程（NLSE）。细致地描述了色散管理孤子光纤激光器、耗散孤子光纤激光器、亮暗孤子光纤激光器、矢量孤子光纤激光器和孤子自相似子光纤激光器的脉冲演化特性、锁模方式和脉冲啁啾补偿的基本方法及其研究进展。并在此基础上着重讨论了自相似脉冲光纤激光器的原理，指出自相似脉冲光纤激光器的应用前景以及目前研究中有待解决的问题。

Progress of both theoretical and experimental results about self-similar soliton fibers laser are presented. It is pointed that the master equation is complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) instead of nonlinear Schrdinger equation (NLSE) which expounds the dynamics of evolution of self-similar soliton pulse with gain fibers because of the gain dispersion. And there has a detailed discussion about the methods of evolution features of self-similar soliton pulse, mode locked and chirp compensation about the dispersion-management fiber lasers, dissipative solitons fiber lasers, light-dark solitons fiber lasers and vector solitons fiber lasers. It has also emphasized the principle of self-similar solitons fibers laser. The applications of self-similar solitons fibers laser and the problems to be solved in the research of that are pointed out.