介绍了采用新型软X光谱学光子筛作为分光元件的软X光谱仪的原理和结构参数设计。新谱仪理论测量范围为100 eV~2 keV，光谱分辨力达0.35 nm。应用该谱仪在SILEX-Ⅰ装置上测量了飞秒激光与固体铜靶相互作用产生的X射线发射谱。实验结果表明，该谱仪主要性能指标达到设计要求，适合于激光与等离子体相互作用产生的软X射线研究。

Using photon sieves as the spectral components, this paper designs a new soft X-ray spectrograph, and analyses its principles, structure and design. The theoretical measurement range of the spectrograph is 100 eV to 2 keV with a spectral resolution of 0.35 nm. The X-ray emission spectrum from femtosecond laser-Cu target interaction has been obtained with the spectrograph on SILEX-Ⅰ. It proves that the spectrograph can meet the design requirements, suitable for researches on soft X-rays produced by laser-plasma interaction.