对复合组分材料的应用和需求日益广泛，但如何精确地测量其定量结构信息仍是一个亟待解决的难题。建立了复合组分结构模型，利用X射线同轴相衬成像和相位恢复方法，分别进行了计算机模拟和实验研究，系统地分析了复合组分材料不同的密度差异对X射线相衬成像和相位恢复精度的影响以及噪声对定量相位恢复的影响。实验结果表明，利用X射线定量相衬成像技术可以实现复合组分材料的无损清晰分辨和精确测量，这在材料科学尤其是复合组分材料的制备，如多层核聚变靶丸，以及生物医学应用，特别是在血管成像的应用方面，都会发挥很好的作用。

The multi-component object has received broadly investigation and application, however, how to detect and measure the quantitative structural information accurately is still an urgent problem. Therewith, a multi-component model is constructed. Combined with X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) and phase retrieval (PR), systematic analysis of effects of the density difference of each component on the image contrast and precision of PR are conducted by simulation and experiment. The results show that XPCI and PR can provide a new method for nondestructively quantitative study of multi-component objects with high resolution and accuracy, which will play an important role in material sciences and biomedical applications, especially in the multilayer inertial fusion capsule and vascular imaging.