讨论了化学激光器产生激光的粒子数反转条件，给出了化学激光器反转粒子数浓度差随J值的变化情况。指出对于某一振动态存在截止波长量子数J0和最大光谱跃迁量子数Jm。通过化学激光器增益系数与光腔静温T和下上能级粒子数质量分数比Nx关系仿真计算分析，提出结合激光器光谱测量结果计算J0、Jm与光腔静温T和下上能级粒子数质量分数比Nx变化关系交点以实现化学激光器运转状态诊断的方法。结合实际HF化学激光器的光谱测试结果，给出了化学激光器光腔静温和下上能级粒子质量分数比。

Working conditions of chemical lasers are discussed. The particle number concentration changing with the J values is shown. There are quantum number J0 of cutoff wavelength and quantum number Jm of maximum spectral transition. The method of working status diagnosis of chemical lasers is proposed by combination of spectrum measuring, the relationships between J0, Jm, cavity static temperature T, and the mass fraction ratio of lower level and upper level Nx. The cavity static temperature T and mass fraction ratio of lower level and upper level Nx according with the actual spectrum measurements of HF chemical laser are given.