研究了真实光线追迹优化光学系统的方法以简化高斯光束整形系统的光学设计。理论分析了高斯光束整形原理, 并选择超洛伦兹函数作为平顶光分布函数; 根据能量守恒原理, 推导了高斯光束整形系统中任意光线在入射面与出射面的坐标变换关系。针对该系统的特点, 使用Zemax编程语言(ZPL)编写计算坐标变换的ZPL宏指令, 并优化设计了高斯光束整形系统。最后, 利用金刚石单点车削法加工该非球面光学系统, 并利用光束分析软件对系统的整形效果进行了测试。测试结果表明, 利用该方法设计的非球面透镜实现了高斯光束的整形变换, 平顶光的均匀度为87.1%。该方法简单实用, 计算量小, 可应用于实际工程设计。

A real ray tracing method was used to simplify the optical design of a Gaussian beam shaping system. The principle of shaping Gaussian beam was studied theoretically and the Flattened Lorentzian(FL) function was chosen as the distribution expression of the flattened beam. The relationship of coordinate transformation of arbitrary rays in an incident plane and an image plane was deduced based on the law of energy conservation. Then, according to the characteristics of this system, Zemax Programming Language (ZPL) was used to compile ZPL macro orders to calculate the coordinate transformation, and the real ray tracing method was adopted to design the optical Gaussian beam shaping system. Finally, the aspheric lens system was processed by single point diamond turning techniques and its shaping ability was tested by the optical analyzing software. Testing results indicate that the system can achieve the conversion from the Gaussian beam to the flattened beam, and the uniformity of flattened beam is 87.1%. The method is not only simple but aslo practical and has a significant engineering application value.