现代生命科学的发展在很大程度上依赖于对活细胞的加工和操纵，比如切除细胞内的某些特定蛋白或细胞器等。激光细胞微手术是一个强有力的工具，近年来在细胞微手术精度控制方面取得很大的进展。综述了激光细胞微手术的最新发展及其在生物学和生物医学工程中的应用，对目前激光细胞微手术中存在的主要问题进行了讨论，对比了普通激光聚焦法、飞秒激光聚焦法以及纳米金辅助的激光照射法的优点和不足。相对来说，纳米金辅助的激光照射法具有同时对多个细胞进行操作，并且不需要复杂的辅助仪器等主要特点。

The development of the modern life science is largly dependent on the manipulation of the cells, such as removel of the certain protein or subcellular organelle, and the laser cell microsurgery is a powerful tool. Until now, three mechnisms are explited for the laser cell surgery: general laser tighly focused irradiation, femosecond laser focused irradiation and gold nanoparticles based laser irradiation.During the past few years, extensive progress and numerous breakthroughs have been made in this area of research. Here the lastest development of laser cell microsurgery and its application in the field of biology and biomedical engineering are reviewed. Furthermore,this review covers three different laser cell microsurgerys and their advantages and disadvantages. A large amount of cells can be manipulated at the same time and no need of many expensive instruments are the main advantages of the gold nanoparticles based on laser cell surgery in comparison with present existing methods.