为了定量分析激光陶瓷中散射损耗对其透过率的影响，通过建立气孔尺寸分布模型，引入第二相体积比概念，并结合Mie散射、瑞利散射和全散射积分等理论，讨论了激光陶瓷中气孔、晶界第二相和表面粗糙度等引起的散射损耗对激光陶瓷透光性能的影响。研究结果表明：气孔率的大小将明显影响陶瓷透过率，且气孔尺寸分布决定了透过率包络的变化趋势；晶界和表面散射对透过率的影响主要集中在短波长处；在气孔率较低情况下，晶界第二相的存在是导致短波长处透过率急剧降低的主要因素。

In order to analyze the effect of scattering loss on optical transmittance of transparent laser ceramics, the paper uses zeroth-order lognormal distributions(ZOLDs) to describe the scattering loss at different pore sizes and porosities, and introduces the definition of secondary phase volume ratio to calculate the number of scattering particles. The effects of scattering loss due to pores, grain boundary secondary phases and grain boundary surface roughness on optical transmittance of transparent laser ceramics are discussed based on the theories of Mie scattering, Rayleigh scattering and total integrated scatter(TIS). The results show that the transmittance is influenced significantly by porosity, while pore size distributions determine the trend of the envelope of optical transmittance; grain boundary secondary phases and surface roughness scattering loss mainly have effect in short wavelength region; for the case of low porosity, the existence of secondary phase is the main factor leading to a sharp reduction of optical transmittance at short wavelength.