随着大功率半导体抽运技术和新型光纤结构的发展，高功率光纤拉曼激光器逐渐成为研究的热点。从锗硅单包层光纤、双包层光纤以及光子晶体光纤拉曼激光器的物理模型入手，介绍了高功率光纤拉曼激光器的基本理论，指出了它们各自的优缺点和最新的研究进展。论述了当前窄线宽光纤拉曼放大器的最新进展、存在的技术难点以及解决方法。展望了光纤拉曼激光技术在高功率激光器方面的发展前景。

With the development of high power semiconductor pump technology and new fiber structures, high power fiber Raman lasers become a research focus nowadays. Starting with models of silicon germanium single-clad fiber Raman laser, double-clad fiber Raman laser and photonic crystal fiber Raman laser, the basic theories of high power fiber Raman lasers are introduced, the merits and defects of them are reviewed, and the latest developments are reported. The developments in the narrow linewidth fiber Raman amplifiers are advanced, and the technological difficulties and solution methods are discussed. Finally, the prospects of high power Raman technology in high power fiber Raman lasers are predicted.