激光雷达是探测大气强有力的工具，其误差估算是数据处理的一个重要内容。在气溶胶后向散射系数的反演公式中，气溶胶后向散射系数对各直接测量量的偏导数是很难求的，传统的误差传递公式难以发挥作用。针对这一困难，提出了一种直接的误差传递方法，通过比对计算检验了它的合理性和可靠性。并用该方法估算大气分子消光系数、参考点气溶胶后向散射系数、气溶胶激光雷达比和测量信号分别独立变化时引起激光雷达反演气溶胶后向散射系数误差的大小及总误差的大小。

Lidar is a powerful tool for atmospheric detection, and its estimation of error is an important content for data processing. In the inversion formula of aerosol backscatter coefficient, it is difficult to calculate the partial derivative of aerosol backscatter coefficient for direct measuring variables, and the conventional error transfer formula can not be applied. To solve the above problem, a direct error formula is proposed, and its reasonability and reliability are tested by comparison calculation. This method can be applied in estimation of aerosol backscatter coefficient total error from molecular extinction coefficient error, aerosol backscatter coefficient error at reference point, lidar ratio error and measuring signal error in lidar data processing.