天空背景辐射亮度在空间目标探测与识别中有着重要作用，为了对其进行研究，介绍了天空背景辐射参数测量系统，与法国CIMEL公司研制的CE318太阳辐射计进行对比实验，取得了较好的一致性。利用天空背景辐射参数测量系统，在空间某目标过境时段，对其运行轨道上的天空背景辐射亮度参数进行了测量，通过对数据分析与研究，初步得出了该空间目标过境时段轨道上的天空背景辐射亮度参数变化特征，为应用研究提供了重要信息。

Sky background luminance is very important for space target detection and identification. In order to research on it, the measurement system of sky background luminance was introduced, compared with the sun photometer CE318 made by CIMEL Co. in French, a good consistency was achieved. On the time when a certain space target transited, the sky background luminance on the target orbit was measured by the system. The data was analyzed and studied. The primary variation characteristic of the sky background luminance on the target orbit was acquired. Important information is provided for application.