应用蒙特卡罗方法实现了粗糙海面的仿真与模拟，建立了基于双积分方程的高功率微波（HPM）近海面传输特性矩量法计算模型。模型采用光滑窗函数对均匀平面波进行调制，把均匀平面波入射调制为锥形波，消除了粗糙海面突然被截断而引起的边缘效应的影响；重新推导了锥形波入射下的基尔霍夫近似公式，并在满足基尔霍夫近似的条件下，通过对比分析，验证了模型的正确性；采用模型计算分析了不同海面几何参数和海水媒质参数对HPM近海面传输系数的影响。结果表明：粗糙海面的均方根高度对HPM传输系数影响明显，均方根高度越大，传输系数越小，能量分布越均匀；另外随着海水介电常数实部和虚部的增加，传输系数均有所增加，并且实部的影响更明显。

The paper adopts the Monte-Carlo method in the simulation and modeling of a rough sea surface, and uses the method of moment(MoM) to establish a model based on dual integral equations for transmission characteristics analysis of high-power microwave(HPM) at the sea surface. The model uses a smooth window function to modulate the incident uniform plane wave into a tapered one, which overcomes the edge effects caused by the sudden cutoff of the rough surface model. The model based on MoM is validated in comparison with Kirchhoff approximation, and it is used to analyze the impact of the rough sea surface geometry and sea water parameters on the HPM transmission coefficient. The results show that, the root-mean-square(RMS) height of rough sea surface affects the HPM transmission coefficient significantly, and larger RMS height leads to smaller transmission coefficient and more uniform energy distribution. The transmission coefficient increases as the real and imaginary parts of the sea water permittivity increase, and the impact of the real part is more evident.