光学学报, 2012, 32 (6): 0623005, 网络出版: 2012-05-16
望远镜主镜气压力驱动器设计
Pneumatic Force Actuator for Telescope Primary Mirror Support
光学器件 天文望远镜 主镜 主动支撑 气压驱动器 optical devices astronomical telescope primary mirror active support pneumatic actuator
摘要
为了获取优异的光学图像质量,大口径天文望远镜通常采用主动支撑结构以校正主镜面形误差。对望远镜主镜支撑系统所需的气压驱动器进行了研究。基于气动原理设计了一种采用滚动膜片结构的气压力驱动器,其中滚动膜片结构用于消除摩擦力的影响,滚珠式力解耦器用于消除侧向力、弯矩的影响。进一步设计了针对气压驱动器带死区的比例积分微分(PID)控制算法,以实现对气压驱动器的闭环控制。实验结果表明:气压力驱动器可精确提供主镜控制所需的支撑力,在望远镜高角变化速度达到2°/s时,输出支撑力范围为0~1000 N,驱动器支撑力误差仅为满量程的±0.4%。设计的气压驱动器可实现主动支撑力的快速精确输出,能满足天文望远镜主镜主动支撑需求。
Abstract
In order to obtain fine optical imaging quality, large astronomical telescopes commonly utilize active support system to correct surface deflection of the primary mirror. A device of pneumatic force actuator for telescope primary mirror support is designed and tested. Based on the principle of pneumatic systems, a type of pneumatic force actuator with a rolling diaphragm element is designed for primary mirror active support. In the actuator, a force decoupler with ball bearing is adopted to eliminate lateral force and flexural torque. In addition, a proportional-integral-differential (PID) control algorithm with dead zone is designed for the actuator. When the telescope′s elevation angle changes with the speed of 2°/s, the support force output can vary from 0 to 1000 N and the error is only ±0.4% of the full range. The experimental results show that the pneumatic force actuator designed is with good performance in static and dynamic force output.
唐金龙, 张俊, 王少白, 鲜浩. 望远镜主镜气压力驱动器设计[J]. 光学学报, 2012, 32(6): 0623005. Tang Jinlong, Zhang Jun, Wang Shaobai, Xian Hao. Pneumatic Force Actuator for Telescope Primary Mirror Support[J]. Acta Optica Sinica, 2012, 32(6): 0623005.