轨道角动量是光子的量子态，具有轨道角动量的光束在光通信等领域中得到了广泛的应用，是目前国内外研究的热点方向之一，特别是轨道角动量可作为自由空间量子信息物理载体的重要选择，这将对量子通信领域带来重要的影响。介绍了光子轨道角动量的定义、产生，简要列举当前的相位、偏振编码经典的两类量子密码通信方案以作对照，以提出的光子轨道角动量密码通信方案为例，着重介绍了光子轨道角动量在量子通信中的应用研究及展望。

Orbital angular momentum is a quantum state of the photon. The beam with orbital angular momentum has a wide application in optical communication and other fields and has become a hot spot of research at home and abroad. Orbital angular momentum became an important option of physics of quantum information carriers in free space, which will bring important influence in quantum communication field. This paper introduces what orbital angular momentum is and how to produce it. Two kinds of classical quantum cryptography communication solution based on phase and polarization coding are listed briefly in order to compare them with the proposed communication solution, which is the photon orbital angular momentum cryptography communication scheme. We put forward to it for example, and mainly represent its application and prospect.