激光中继镜技术是一项备受各方瞩目的新型系统作战概念。光束在上行链路传输过程中，接收望远镜的截断和次镜的阻挡导致了严重的能量损耗，降低了中继镜系统的性能。涡旋光源和相位优化是提升激光中继镜系统上行链路能量效率的有效方法之一。以光源口径为1.2 m，上行传输距离为30 km，上行接收望远镜外径为1.2 m，内径为0.24 m的中继镜系统为原型，搭建了相同菲涅耳数的中继镜系统光束上行传输缩比实验装置，通过液晶空间光调制器反射调制NdYVO4光源的方法产生涡旋光源，并由随机并行梯度下降算法优化涡旋光源相位分布，开展了中继镜系统上行链路光束传输缩比实验研究。实验结果表明，通过采用涡旋光源和相位优化，中继镜系统上行链路能量效率得到了显著提高，由71.89％提升至91.59％。

The relay mirror technology is an important system combat concept under extensive research. Beam blocked and truncated by the receiving Cassegrain telescope causes serious power losses in beam uplink propagation in the relay mirror system, which degrades performance of the relay mirror system. Using vortex beam source and phase optimization is an effective way to improve power efficiency of beam uplink propagation in the relay mirror system. A reduced-scale experimental installation is established with the same Fresnel number as beam uplink propagation process in the relay mirror system with the following parameters as “1.2 m source aperture, 30 km uplink propagation distance, receiving telescope with 1.2 m outer aperture and 0.24 m inner aperture”. Vortex source is generated by using the NdYVO4 laser and a liquid crystal spatial light modulator with spiral phase distribution, and phase distribution of the vortex source is optimized by using the stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm. Reduced-scale experimental study on beam uplink propagation in a relay mirror system with vortex source and phase optimization is performed. Results show that power efficiency of beam uplink propagation in the relay mirror system is improved from 71.89% to 91.59% by using vortex source and phase optimization.