自适应色散补偿技术是高速光纤通信系统中的核心技术之一，而对光信号色散进行动态实时监测是实现自适应色散补偿的关键。系统地总结了色散监测技术的研究与发展现状，对各种动态色散监测技术的机制、特点及其实现进行了分析比较，并重点介绍了全光色散监测技术和基于数字相干检测的色散监测技术，探讨了其未来的发展方向。

Adaptive dispersion compensation is one of the core technologies of ultrahigh rate fiber-optic communication networks and dynamic on-line monitoring on optical signal dispersion is the key to adaptive dispersion compensation. In this paper, we systematically review the study on dispersion monitoring technologies and its present status of development and analyze and compare their mechanisms, features and implementations. Above all, we put emphasis on introducing the all-optical and digital coherent detection-based dispersion monitoring technologies and discuss the tendency of their future development.