纺织纤维的光散射特性在纺织材料微观结构、光学性质以及无损检测中至关重要。利用纺织纤维各向异性的结构特点改进现有的角谱展开法，得到纺织纤维对倾斜入射平面波的散射以及表征其光散射特性的Mueller矩阵。采用蒙特卡罗算法模拟了平行棉纤维束对倾斜入射偏振光的多次散射，并对其计算结果进行了实验验证。结果表明理论计算和实验测量的散射光斑在形状特征、光强分布上均一致，从而验证了蒙特卡洛方法模拟纺织纤维光散射的正确性。结果同时也表明蒙特卡罗方法在纺织材料光传播特性的理论研究中具有重要的指导意义。

Light scattering properties of textile fibers are essential in microscopic structure, optical properties and non-destructive examination for textile material. A published spectral approach is improved by utilizing anisotropic structural characteristics of textile fibers. The scattered electric fields of the oblique plane wave illuminating textile fibers and the Mueller matrix characterizing the scattering events are obtained, sequentially. Monte Carlo algorithm is then applied to simulate the multiple scattering of polarized light illuminating obliquely the parallel cotton fiber assemblies, and its results are verified experimentally. The scattering pattern calculated theoretically is in good agreement with the one measured experimentally on shape features and intensity distribution, which indicates the validity of Monte Carlo method for simulating the textile fibers scattering in this paper and indicates that this method has important guiding significance in the theoretical study of light propagation characteristics of textile material.