基于液体材料填充的微结构光纤光子器件有效地将功能材料在不同外界物理场作用下的物理效应同光纤自身的微纳结构结合起来，具有可调谐、设计灵活、全光纤结构和易于集成等优点，是未来光纤光子器件发展的重要方向。掌握不同填充材料、填充方法及所制作器件的不同特性、功能和应用对这一领域的研究具有重要的指导意义。综合阐述了近年来基于液体材料填充的微结构光纤光子器件的研究进展，分析和归纳了各种液态功能材料的种类、物理特性及填充方法，系统阐述了基于该种方法实现的光开关及衰减器、滤波器、调制器、色散补偿器等可调谐光纤光子器件及光纤传感器件，最后对该领域未来的发展方向和前景进行了展望，为未来新型光纤光子器件的研制提供必要的依据和参考。

The functional devices based on the microstructured optical fiber infiltrated with liquids effectively combine the micro/nano structure with the physical effect of materials under different external fields. They provide a promising platform for novel photonic devices with the advantages of tunability, flexibility in design, all-in-fiber structure and integration. In this paper, the recent research statue of the liquid-filling microstructured optical fiber devices, such as optical switches/attenuators, filters, modulators and dispersion compensators, as well as optical fiber sensors, is reviewed. At the same time, the variety and physical characteristics of functional materials and the filling methods, which are the focus for future research in this area, are analysed. Finally, some prospects are given for the reference and research in the future.