分析了激光通信中捕获、跟踪、瞄准(ATP)系统对信标光光斑定位的需求，阐述了选用互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)探测器的优势。提出了基于STAR1000探测器光斑探测相机的设计思路和光斑质心算法。由于CMOS探测器存在噪声和像元占空比有限等缺陷，影响了相机的定位精度。对影响定位精度的因素进行了分析和仿真，通过研制出的相机实验平台完成了测试和实验验证。实验结果证明降低噪声、提高像元占空比、扩大有效光斑直径均可提高定位精度。进而针对激光通信ATP系统的特点提出了提高相机定位精度的改进方案。

Requirements of high-precision spot detection in laser communication acquisition, tracking, pointing (ATP) systems are analyzed, and the advantages of selecting complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor are explained. According to the needs, design principles of a spot-detecting camera based on STAR-1000 sensor as well as hardware implementation methods of centroid algorithm are expounded. The positioning accuracy of the camera is affected by some defects, for example noise and limited duty cycle in the CMOS sensor. Several factors in positioning accuracy are analyzed and the effect is simulated. Test results from imaging experiment system formed verify these analyses. According to the experiment designer can improve positioning accuracy by reducing noise, improving duty cycle, and expanding the effective spot diameter. And then, suggestions for improving positioning accuracy are put forward which contrapose laser communication ATP system.