利用红外光谱的宏观指纹特性, 对野菊花不同溶剂提取物的红外光谱图和二阶导数红外光谱图进行了整体分析。 可知, 野菊花石油醚提取物主含长链脂肪酸(酯)、 不饱和酮以及小分子萜类等低极性化合物, 乙酸乙酯提取物主含萜类和黄酮类化合物, 无水乙醇提取物主含黄酮及黄酮苷类化合物, 95%乙醇提取物主含黄酮苷类化合物, 去离子水提取物主含多糖及鞣质类等大极性成分。 此外, 与野菊花指标成分蒙花苷的红外光谱分析比较, 可知野菊花无水乙醇提取物中所含有的黄酮量是最多的。 因此, 利用红外光谱法对中药提取物直接进行分析, 可初步识别其主体成分, 为下一步制定药效成分的提取方案和检测方法提供方向性参考。

According to the macro-fingerprint characteristic of infrared spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and second-derivative infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the extracts of chrysanthemum indicum L. by different solvents. It was speculated preliminarily that the main component of petroleum ether extract was long chain fatty acids (esters) and terpenes of small molecules, ethyl acetate extract contains terpenes and flavonoids mainly, ethanol and 95% ethanol extract was mainly composed of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, and deionized water extract contains polysaccharides and tannins mainly. Besides, the content of flavonoids in ethanol extract is the highest by comparison of the infrared spectroscopy of different extracts with that of buddleoside. Thus, the infrared spectroscopy can analyze directly the extracts of traditional Chinese medicines, recognize the main ingredient preliminarily, and then supply directional reference for further planning the extract scheme and detection methods.