针对量子点荧光猝灭法检测Cu2+大多通过实验室化学分析或大型仪器检测而难以满足现场检测需求的问题, 设计了一种可用于现场检测的痕量Cu2+光化学传感器, 主要包括光学感知模块与信号处理模块, 光学感知模块完成激光光源的输出与荧光的激发, 信号处理模块完成微弱荧光信号的光电转换、 信号放大、 数据处理与显示。 利用自行研制的光电采集、 转换与信号处理系统完成痕量Cu2+的快速检测, 实现了检测仪器的小型化与低成本。 实验结果表明, 在Cu2+浓度30～1 000 nmol·L-1范围内传感器检测结果具有较好的线性关系, 拟合后的直线方程为y=0.109 77x+11.872 32, 线性度为0.994 82, 标准方差3.994 24, 检测下限达到30 nmol·L-1, 传感器响应时间为40 s, 实验测定了其他共存离子对Cu2+检测结果的干扰, 实验结果表明该传感器可以满足痕量Cu2+现场检测的需求。

The present paper proposes an optical chemistry sensor used for real-time detection of trace Cu2+, including the optical perception module and the signal processing module. The optical perception module gives the output of the laser light and excitation of fluorescence. The signal processing module completes optoelectronic conversion and amplification of the weak fluorescence signal as well as data processing and display. A self-developed optical acquisition, conversion and processing system was used to complete rapid detection of trace Cu2+, miniaturizing and reducing the cost of the testing instruments. The experimental results show the proposed sensor responds linearly in a concentration range of 30～1 000 nmol·L-1, with the linear equation y=0.109 77x+11.872 32, the linearity 0.994 82, the standard deviation 3.994 24, the detection limit 30 nmol·L-1, and the response time of the sensor 40 seconds. The experiment determines the interference of other ions with the Cu2+ test results. It shows that this sensor meets the demand of field detection for trace Cu2+ site testing.