为快速、准确地对中药饮片细胞进行形貌表征，采用理论分析与实验验证相结合的方法，对球面参考光像面数字全息显微术进行了研究。结果表明，通过适当调整参考点源的位置，球面参考光像面数字全息显微术可以准实时地消除显微物镜引入的二次相位畸变，利用自动相位补偿算法能够快速、有效地消除因参考光偏离光轴带来的一次相位畸变，准确再现样品的相位信息。基于研究结果，利用所建立的球面参考光像面数字全息显微术对中药饮片蒲黄细胞进行定量成像，由相位分布给出了细胞的大小及形貌特征。

In order to rapidly and accurately measure the size and the shape of Chinese herbal medicine cell, the digital image-plane holographic microscopy (DIPHM) with spherical reference wave is studied theoretically and experimentally. The results show that: through appropriately adjusting the location of the reference light source, DIPHM with spherical reference wave can rapidly and accurately eliminate the quadratic phase aberration introduced by microscope objective. The automatic procedure for aberration compensation can rapidly and efficiently eliminate the aberration brought by the bias of spherical point source in the reference light path in DIPHM, and then accurate phase reconstruction of the sample can be achieved. Based on the above study, the elliptical typhaceae pollen as a kind of Chinese herbal medicine cell is quantitatively imaged using DIPHM. Through the accurate three-dimensional phase distribution, the morphological image and the size of elliptical Typhaceae pollen are obtained.