海冰是制约北冰洋航路开发最为重要的因素之一, FY-3卫星上搭载的中分辨率光谱成像仪(MERSI)扫描范 围大,一天之内可获得5次以上极地同一地区观测数据,有利于北冰洋海冰状况的动态监测。以格陵兰岛附 近海域为研究区域,利用2011年6月13日MERSI多波段数据,经过辐射定标、投影定位等预处理后,以两波段 比值和归一化差分积雪指数(NDSI)作为判别指标,采用最大类间方差阈值法对指标图像进行分割,实现海冰、 海水和云的区分,准确获取格陵兰岛附近海冰分布信息。该研究可为国产卫星数据在北冰洋航路选择和航 运安全保障方面的应用提供技术支持。

Sea ice is one of the most important factors restricting the development of the Arctic Ocean passage. The medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI) onboard Storm III satellite (FY-3) has the advantage of large scanning range, so it is available to collect observational data of the same area in the Polar Regions more than five times within a day. It helps to monitor sea ice in the Arctic Ocean dynamically. Using MERSI multi bands data, the sea ice distribution information around Greenland on June 13, 2011, is obtained accurately by the presented method. Firstly, it was necessary to carry out radiometric calibration, projection and other preprocessing to the data. Secondly, taking two bands ratio and normalized different snow index (NDSI) as the recognition parameters, the sea ice, water and cloud were distinguished by the maximum between-class variance threshold method. This results can provide technical support for the application of domestic satellite data in optimal route selection and shipping security in the Arctic Ocean.