依据波像差理论和坐标变换分析了大口径反射镜面形误差对光学系统初级像差特性的影响。利用Fringe Zernike多项式表示光学系统的波像差和反射镜面形误差，通过变换矩阵分析可知当系统孔径光阑（出瞳或入瞳）光学表面存在面形误差时，将会在全视场内引入常量的波像差系数。如果非系统孔径光阑表面存在面形误差，由于孔径变换的原因，除了在全视场内引入的常量波像差系数外，还将会在全视场内引入低阶的波像差系数且其零点位于中心视场，不同的波像差系数与视场的依据关系不同。分析结果表明利用坐标变换矩阵可以对反射镜面面形误差引入的波像差进行定性分析，以提高大口径反射光学系统的装调效率。

Based on the wavefront aberration theory and the coordinates transform, the influence of surface-profile error of large mirror on aberration characteristic of optical system is analysed. The optical wavefront aberration and surface-profile error of mirror can be expressed as Fringe Zernike polynomial. The surface profile error on the surface of the system aperture diaphragm (exit pupil or entrance pupil) will introduce constant wavefront aberration coefficient in the full field by analysing the transformation matrix. The error on a surface not at pupil will lead lower order wavefront aberration coefficient in the optical system, the relation between different wavefront aberrations coefficient and fields is different, and the location zero for the lower aberration coefficient always resides at the center of the field of view. The result shows that it′s possible to analyse the wavefront aberration caused by surface-profile error of the reflective mirror using coordinate transformation matrix for improving the efficiency of the alignment.