最大功率跟踪(MPPT)是太阳能光伏发电的重要组成部分, 依靠最大功率跟踪可使光伏电池工作在最大功率点(MPP)附近, 提高太阳能的利用率。在分析光伏电池的数学模型的基础上, 选用Boost电路作为DC/DC变换来搭建仿真模型; 针对传统的定步长扰动观测法存在的震荡和误判现象, 提出一种改进的扰动观测法, 并在Matlab/Simulink环境下进行了仿真。与定步长的扰动观测法的仿真结果进行对比, 表明该算法的响应速度更加迅速; 在外界环境发生变化时, 该算法能够快速做出判断, 准确地跟踪到光伏电池的最大功率点。

Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) is an important part of solar photovoltaic(PV) power generation. By using MPPT, PV cells can be made work nearby the maximum power point (MPP), improving the utilization of solar energy. Based on analyzing the mathematical model of photovoltaic cells and using Boost circuit as the DC/DC transform, the simulation model was built. In view of the shocks and false phenomenon presented in traditional fixed step disturbance observation method, an improved method was put forward and simulated in the Matlab/Simulink environment. Simulation results indicate that compared with traditional methods, the new algorithm achieves higher respond speed and can make quick judgments to accurately track the MPP of PV cells under changing external environments.