为解决回旋管行波管收集极的散热问题, 保障回旋行波管工作的可靠性和稳定性, 利用CST电子仿真软件模拟出电子在回旋行波管中的运动轨迹, 并因此确定了进入收集极的电子注的初始条件。利用ANSYS有限元软件对回旋行波管收集极的散热特性进行详细的模拟计算, 分析比较了不同热流密度加载方式对收集极温度分布的影响。采用非均匀热流加载方式探究了水温和流速对收集极温度的影响, 并对收集极的散热翼片的数目和尺寸进行了优化, 最终得出了比较理想的结构。模拟结果优于经验值, 说明了所用模型和方法的正确性。

In order to solve cooling problem of the gyrotron traveling-wave tube(TWT) collector and guarantee the gyrotron TWT’s reliability and stability, the electron trajectories in the gyrotron TWT are simulated using CST electron simulation software. Thermal analysis of the collector with finite element software ANSYS is performed. The ways of applying boundary that affects the distribution of collector temperature are compared. The influence of the water temperature and flow rate on collector temperature distribution under actual heat fluxes (boundary condition) is researched. The size and number of collector fins are optimized, and a relatively perfect structure is obtained finally. The result estimated by simulation is consistent with the experiment and proves that the model and method employed in this work are suitable.