针对光学系统像差的判定问题, 提出从理论上对各种像差的剪切干涉图样进行仿真分析。此分析依据波像差理论, 结合剪切干涉在像差测量中的应用, 建立波像差与干涉条纹的联系, 采用计算机仿真手段对光学系统各种像差的典型剪切干涉图样进行了模拟, 包括初级像差和二级像差。仿真结果表明, 各种初级像差和二级像差均有其各自的典型剪切干涉图样, 根据特征图样可以直接判定主要的像差种类。研究所得出的各种像差典型干涉图可为判断光学系统存在哪种像差提供参考与依据。

To judge the aberration of optical system, a simulation of the shearing interference pattern of the aberration′s was presented. The relationship of aberration and interferogram was constituted, which is based on the aberration theory and shearing interferometry. Interference patterns of primary aberrations and secondary aberrations were simulated. The simulaton results showed that any primary or secondary aberration has its characteristic interference pattern, which can be used to judge the aberration. These results can provide evidence for judging which kinds of optical aberrations the optical systems have.