定量分析气孔大小和气孔率对陶瓷激光输出性能的影响，建立了气孔分布模型并结合Mie散射和固体激光技术相关理论，讨论气孔散射对陶瓷激光透过率和输出性能的影响。结果表明，气孔率对激光陶瓷的透过率和斜率效率有着决定性的影响。在给定的气孔尺寸分布下，气孔率越高，陶瓷透过率和激光斜率效率越低; 在给定的气孔率下，气孔中心尺寸越大，陶瓷样品的透过率和激光斜率效率越低。减小气孔尺寸至0.3 μm以下能有效提高激光斜率效率。气孔越大，激光阈值随气孔率增大而上升越快，越不利于实现激光输出。在实际工作中，改进和控制工艺减小气孔尺寸对提高陶瓷的输出性能同样有着重要意义。

The existence of pores is one of the most important factors affecting the performance of transparent laser ceramics. In order to analyze the influence of pore size and porosity on laser performance of transparent ceramics, zeroth-order lognormal distributions (ZOLDs) have been used to describe the pore size distributions, and Mie scattering theories combined with related solid-state laser theories have been used to illustrate the effect of pore scattering on transmittance, laser slope efficiency and laser threshold of transparent ceramics. The results show that transmittance and laser slope efficiency are significantly influenced by porosity, i.e., larger porosity leads to lower transmittance and slope efficiency at given pore size distribution; transmittance and slope efficiency decrease with increasing central pore size, and slope efficiency drops sharply when pore radii are between 0.1 and 0.3 μm. Moreover, the larger the pore sizes are, the sharper the laser threshold rises. In practical applications, improving fabrication technology to control pore size is of great importance to improve the laser performance of transparent ceramics.