以ZnCl2为前躯物，不同相对分子质量的聚丙烯酸为模版剂，环氧丙烷作为催化剂，超临界干燥成功制得了锌基复合气凝胶。运用场发射扫描电镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜和N2等温吸附测试对气凝胶的微观结构进行了表征。结果表明，制备的锌基复合气凝胶呈现三维网络状结构，其三维结构是由大量微小颗粒组成，颗粒的粒径为nm量级，为介孔材料。选用相对分子质量为1800的聚丙烯酸作为模版剂制备的气凝胶的微观结构最好，无明显的塌陷和团聚现象，其比表面积为236 m2/g，平均孔径分布在11 nm左右，总的孔体积为0.179 cm3/g。

The zinc-based composite aerogel was prepared by the sol-gel method using ZnCl2 as precursor, polyacrylic acid (800,1800,5000) as template, and propylene oxide as initiator. The characterization of aerogels was carried out by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and N2 adsorption/desorption. The results suggested that the zinc-based composite aerogel made by polyacrylic acid (1800) had perfectly three-dimensional networks and the skeletal was composed of particles in nanometer and had a high surface area about 236 m2/g. The N2 adsorption/desorption showed the aerogel had an average pore-diameter of 11 nm and a total pore volume of 0.179 cm3/g.