根据海水中浮游微生物的结构特征及尺寸大小，建立了含有同心球核的椭球体模型，使用离散偶极子近似（DDA）方法，对不同形状、大小细胞的光散射Mueller矩阵进行计算，分析了线偏振光入射下散射光强空间分布的变化。结果表明，偏振光散射特征对有核细胞的方向、形状、大小、细胞核大小具有灵敏性。研究颗粒对偏振光的散射特征，可以对被测细胞做更细致的分类，对海水中浮游微生物和其他生物细胞的鉴定、研究具有实际应用价值。

A model is established as a spheroid with a concentric spherical core according to the morphology and size of marine microbes. The calculation of cells with different sizes and morphologies are implemented using the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method. With the resulting Mueller matrices, the distributions of polarized light scattering intensity are analyzed. The results show that the polarized light scattering characteristics are sensitive to the orientation, shape, size and size of the nucleated cell. The study on polarized light scattering can be used in classification and research of marine microbes and other cells.