微脉冲激光雷达(MPL)是探测气溶胶、云雾和水平能见度的有效工具,具有性能稳定、结构简单、便于移 动、探测数据准确、对人眼安全等特点。主要介绍微脉冲激光雷达的原理,两种激光雷达数据处理 的方法(斜率法和Fernald法),及其在气象领域的应用,主要包括: (1)水平能见度以及大雾监测; (2)精确 地探测云高、云厚、云区的消光系数和云的层次等信息;(3)大气气溶胶的垂直分布和演变过程。

Micro pulse lidar(MPL) is an effective tool for detecting atmospheric aerosol, cloud and mist, and visibility. It provides good stability and compact, convenient movement, accurate data and safe to eyes, etc. MPL’s principle and its two data processing methods including slope method and Fernald method are introduced. Its application in meteorology are also covered, including the following three aspects: the monitoring of horizontal visibility and foggy weather; the accurate detecting of the cloud information such as the height of cloud, the thickness of cloud layer, the extinction coefficient of cloud zone and the cloud layers; the vertical distinction of atmospheric aerosol and the spatial-temporal evolution of aerosol.