鉴于我国玉米产量高，收购时急需高效、低成本的玉米成分鉴定技术及仪器。利用短波近红外漫透射测量原理，根据玉米成分的光谱吸收特性，选择波长为 800～1100 nm的近红外发光二极管作为光源，设计二极管阵列光路及测控模块，根据比尔定律，将光谱测量技术与化学计量学相结合，多元散射校正对测得数据进行前处理，偏最小二乘法（ PLS）无损检测玉米成分，对其中的水、蛋白质、淀粉和脂肪进行定性定量分析，与国家标准测量方法测得结果进行对比分析，误差均小于 0.5%。

The yield of corn is so high in our country that the efficient and low cost corn appraisal tech and instrument are imperative. The NIR LEDs with 800～1100 nm wavelength are selected as the light source according to short near infrared diffuse transmission theory and spectral absorption characteristic of corn. Diode array and measurement-control module are designed. According to the Lambert-Beer law, four contents of corn are nondestructively determined combining the chemometrics. Measurement data are pre-processed with multiple scattering correction. The corn contents are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively with PLS. Experimental results show that the error of each content is less than 0.5%.