为了对胶囊类药品进行无损分析鉴别，利用两个多毛细管X光透镜搭建了共聚焦微束X射线荧光谱仪，两个处在共聚焦状态的透镜形成共聚焦微元，探测器只能探测到来自该共聚焦微元中的X射线信号，这有利于分别对胶囊壳和其内部药物进行原位无损元素分析，从而辨别它们的种类。分析了4种胶囊类药品对应的X射线荧光谱特征，从荧光谱图上可以看出不同胶囊类药品有不同的X射线荧光谱，对应不同的元素组成，所以可以利用胶囊内部药物对应的X射线荧光谱鉴别胶囊类药品的种类。实验证明，利用共聚焦微束X射线荧光技术可以在不破坏胶囊壳的情况下对胶囊类样品进行无损原位分析，该技术在胶囊类药品种类和真伪鉴别中具有潜在应用价值。

The confocal micro X-ray fluorescence technology based on two polycapillary X-ray lenses is used to analyze the elements in the medicines with capsule non-destructively. In this technology, two confocal lenses form confocal volume, and only the X-rays from the confocal volume can be detected by the detector, which ensures non-destructive and in-situ analysis of elements in the capsule shell and the medicine inside to identify their species. X-ray fluorescence spectral characteristics of four types of medicines with capsule are analyzed. The experimental results show that different medicines have different X-ray fluorescence spectra, and different spectra correspond to different elemental compositions, which could be used to identify medicines. The confocal micro X-ray fluorescence technology can be used in the non-destructive and in-situ analysis of the samples with capsule, and has potential applications in identifying the types and the authenticity of medicines with capsule.