针对多子阵平板天线离散口径带来的高旁瓣问题, 分析了不同仰角下的峰值旁瓣电平成因, 提出了降低多子阵天线峰值旁瓣电平的方法。以降低工作范围内的峰值旁瓣为目标, 采用遗传算法研究了天线口径、阵元方向性、幅度衰减等因素对多子阵天线的影响, 实现了峰值旁瓣的最佳优化。仿真结果表明, 多子阵天线的方向图综合仅需考虑最小间距约束; 除子阵间距外, 阵元方向性和幅度衰减对多子阵天线的优化也有一定的影响, 在优化过程中需综合考虑, 本文方法与分析结果可为多子阵平板天线的设计提供参考。

The sidelobes of the planar antenna with multiple subarrays (MSPA) are caused due to its dispersed aperture.This paper analyzes the factors of peak sidelobes level forming for the antenna at different elevation angles and proposes some suppression methods.In order to reduce the peak sidelobe level of the MSPA in the working range the effect of the antenna aperture element directivity and amplitude attenuation are studied by using genetic algorithm and the peak sidelobe optimization is realized.The simulation results show that the integration of the MSPA orientation diagram needs only to consider the minimum subarray spacing constraint.Furthermore the element directivity and amplitude attenuation should be also taken into account in the optimization process.The methods and results can be used as a reference to the MSPA design.