数字全息成像具有全视场、非接触、无损伤、实时性和定量化的独特优势，特别适合于无染色剂标记生物样品的定量三维重建和快速跟踪，在生物医学应用领域发展迅速。介绍了生物细胞的数字全息相衬成像原理，从细胞形貌测量、生物学参数、生理状态、药效反应和动力学分析几方面概述了数字全息成像方法在生物医学领域中的研究和应用进展，讨论了数字全息在生物医学方面的发展前景，并指出了数字全息成像所面临的挑战和亟待解决的技术问题。

The digital holography is characterized by its full field of view, non-contact, non-destructive, real-time and quantitative detection, which is especially suitable for the three-dimensional reconstruction and fast tracking of living cells without staining or labeling. The digital holography imaging has been developed rapidly in the field of the biomedical science. The basic principle of digital holography is introduced for the cell detection, and the major progress of the research and application is reviewed based on the cell morphology, biological parameters, physiological status, drug effect and dynamic analysis. The potential application and future research are discussed, and the challenge and problems of digital holography technology are pointed out.