Mach-Zehnder(M-Z)干涉仪可作为鉴频器件应用于多普勒测风激光雷达系统中.鉴于一般M-Z干涉仪的稳定性差，不易于调节的缺点，提出一种基于双棱镜结构的新型双通道M-Z干涉仪作为多普勒测风激光雷达鉴频器件.在进行探测原理分析的基础上，利用光学设计软件对其鉴频系统结构进行了参量优化设计和系统仿真.通过设定实验参量并进行光线追迹模拟仿真实验结果，应用反演理论获得了风速值.利用多普勒频移公式计算获得理论风速并与仿真结果进行了对比，结果表明反演仿真风速与理论风速值基本吻合，标准差为0.46 m/s.此新型双通道M-Z干涉仪可以作为鉴频器件应用于多普勒测风激光雷达系统中，在光路的调节及提高系统稳定性上具有优势.

Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometer can be used in Doppler lidar for wind measurement as frequency discriminator. The common M-Z interferometer′s stability is poor and not easy to adjust. A new type dual-channel M-Z interferometer was proposed as frequency discriminator based on dual prism. Through analyzing the wind measurement theory, the system was optimized and designed with optical design software. The wind velocity was retrieved from simulation result through setting experiment parameter. Compared with the theoretical wind velocity calculated from Doppler frequency shift formula, the result indicates that the retrieval simulation wind velocity agrees with theoretical wind velocity; the standard deviation is 0.46 m/s. So the new type structure can be applied in Doppler wind lidar as frequency discriminator. The optical path is easy to adjust and the system stability is improved.