光波经过反射后具有偏振特性，目前研究表明热红外自发辐射也具有偏振特性。本文结合基尔霍夫定律以及菲涅耳公式对热红外自发辐射偏振特性进行了初步的理论分析和建模仿真。在低温环境下，采取遮挡措施，进行了热红外自发辐射偏振特性的验证实验，对不同表面状态铝板以及太阳能电池板进行了自发辐射偏振数据的采集。实验结果表明: 热红外自发辐射具有偏振特性，并与仿真结果具有一致的变化规律，热红外辐射偏振特性受目标表面粗糙度、材料影响并随着发射角的增加，偏振度不断增加。

Reflected light is partly polarized, and current research shows that thermal infrared emission is also partly polarized. Using Kirchhoff's law and Fresnel formulas, we made preliminary theoretical analysis and some simulation on thermal infrared emission polarization. Under the experimental environment of low temperature and taking shelter measures, we carried out verification experiment of thermal infrared emission polarization and obtained some experimental data of thermal infrared emission polarization of aluminum plates with different surface states and solar panel. Experimental results show that thermal infrared emission is partly polarized, and have consistent variation with the simulation results. Thermal infrared emission polarization is affected by surface roughness and material of the target. With the increase of viewing angle, the degree of polarization increases.