基于VirtualLab 虚拟仿真软件建立了粒径在几十到几百微米内不同大小和形状的气泡模型。对其在平面光照射下的散射进行了仿真模拟, 得到了气泡的前向、后向光散射特征分布, 将结果与水粒的光散射特征进行比较分析, 发现: 同一气泡前向散射远大于后向散射, 但两者拥有十分相近的变化趋势。光源和气泡大小影响气泡远场散射幅值的大小、振荡频率、角宽度及次极大与主极大的比值。气泡结构的对称性影响着气泡远场散射的对称性。气泡与水粒的远场散射特性既联系又区别。该研究的结果可以为气泡的分析检测提供了一定的理论依据。

Different shaped air bubble models with radii between dozens of and a few hundred microns are built based on the simulation software of VirtualLab. Forward as well as backward scattering distributions of plane waves by these models are obtained. A few conclusions are given by comparing the results with the light scattering distributions by water droplets. First, the forward and backward light scattering distributions of an air bubble have the similar variation trend, but the forward intensity is much larger than that of backward. Second, the sizes of light sources and bobbles influence the value, oscillation frequency, angular width and the ratio of sub maximum to principal maximum of the amplitude of light scattering. Light scattering has the same symmetry with air bubble. Third, the light scattering distributions of air bubble and water droplet are both related and different. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the analysis and detection of air bubbles.