影响机载激光扫描点云精度的测量误差因素有很多，它们共同存在且交叉影响，因此确定各测量误差因素、分析它们各自对点云精度的影响大小并排序，对消除重要误差因素的影响、有效提高点云精度有重要意义。通过分析圆锥旋转式机载激光扫描工作原理，明确了影响点云精度的各种误差因素，建立了各误差因素和点云精度之间的映射关系。采用多元线性回归方法，建立了各误差因素与点云三维坐标误差之间的多元线性回归方程，获得了标准化回归系数，定量评价了各误差因素对激光点云三维坐标精度的影响显著性，并进行了排序。为机载激光扫描系统的误差分配和重要误差因素的抑制补偿以及有效提高激光点云的精度，提供了重要的理论依据。

Many measurement errors affect the positioning accuracy of the laser point cloud obtained from airborne laser scanning (ALS). These error factors exist together and influence each other. Therefore, it is of practical significance to find out them, and to analysis their impact sizes and make a sorting. The working principle of conical scanning mode airborne laser scanner is analyzed, and error factors affecting the positioning accuracy of laser point cloud are determined. Furthermore, the transfer relationship between the error factors and the three-dimensional (3D) coordinate errors of the laser point cloud is established. By using multiple linear regression method, regression equations between the error factors and the 3D coordinate errors are established, and the impact significance of each error factor on the 3D coordinate errors is quantitatively evaluated and further sorted. The study provides an important theoretical basis for compensating the significant error factors, so as to effectively improve position accuracy of laser point cloud.