应用激光, 2014, 34 (1): 51, 网络出版: 2014-04-09
激光-电弧复合焊接工艺参数对焊缝形貌及焊接稳定性的影响
The Effect of Welding Parameters on Weld Appearance and Stability in Laser-Arc Welding
复合焊接 焊接参数 焊接熔深 熔滴过渡 截面形貌 hybrid welding weld parameters weld penetration droplet transfer surface and cross-section morphology of weld bead
摘要
以150 mm×30 mm×8 mm的高强钢板为试验材料,采用YAG激光-熔化极活性气体保护焊(MAG)电弧复合焊接方法,研究了各参数(主要包括激光功率P、光丝间距DLA、电流I、电压U等)对焊接熔深、熔滴的过渡特征和焊缝的截面形貌的影响。结果表明:在改变焊接熔深时, 激光功率起到主导的作用, 同时激光与电弧间存在最佳的能量匹配值, 当激光功率约为电弧功率的2/3时, 焊接熔深的增加最为显著; 激光功率P与光丝间距DLA对熔滴过渡的受力有很大的影响, 从而决定了熔滴的尺寸大小与过渡频率, 而电弧能量对熔滴的过渡模式起主导作用; 在焊缝截面形貌中, 激光功率P主要影响熔深及熔深面积, 电弧能量主要影响焊缝宽度及余高面积, 且各参数的改变, 余高的变化量均很小, 而热影响区(HAZ)宽度及面积与总的热输入量成正比, 热输入量越大热影响区(HAZ)越大。
Abstract
A YAG laser-metal active gas welding (MAG) hybrid welding technology is used to weld the high strength steel of 150 mm×30 mm×8 mm. The effect of the main parameters (contain laser power, arc energy, and distance between laser and MAG arc) on weld penetration, droplet transfer character and surface and cross-section morphology of weld bead are took into account. The results suggest that the laser powder play a role in changing the weld penetration ,at the same time the laser powder and arc energy have a best match vale that the weld penetration will improved obviously when the laser powder is 2/3 to the arc energy ;The laser powder and arc energy have a huge influence on the droplet force ,while the size and frequency of the droplet are decided by them ,but the droplet transfer mode is vital decided by the arc energy ;During the surface and cross-section morphology of weld bead ,weld penetration and area are mainly decided by laser powder ,weld width and excess weld metal area is influenced by arc energy ,but the excess weld almost have no change even the parameters is changing ,while the area and width of Heat Affect Area (HAZ) is proportional to the total energy ,the more input energy ,the bigger HAZ.
牛宽, 刘双宇, 刘凤德, 彭军龙, 张斌. 激光-电弧复合焊接工艺参数对焊缝形貌及焊接稳定性的影响[J]. 应用激光, 2014, 34(1): 51. Niu Kuan, Liu Shuangyu, Liu Fengde, Pen Junlong, Zhang Bin. The Effect of Welding Parameters on Weld Appearance and Stability in Laser-Arc Welding[J]. APPLIED LASER, 2014, 34(1): 51.