为探明油茶授粉受精期的营养元素需求规律, 应用全自动间断化学分析仪与原子吸收光谱法测定了授粉受精期的油茶子房主要矿质元素的含量, 并且对各矿质元素含量在自交和异交情况下的变化进行了研究分析。 结果表明: 在油茶授粉受精过程中, 九种矿质营养元素含量呈“S”或“W”型曲线变化。 N, K, Zn, Cu, Ca, Mn元素含量变化在自交和异交情况下都呈“S”型曲线, N含量在自花授粉20 d达到最高, 为3.445 8 mg·g-1; K含量在异花授粉20 d达到最高, 为6.275 5 mg·g-1; Zn含量在自花授粉10 d达到最高, 为0.070 5 mg·g-1; Cu含量在异花授粉5 d到最高, 为0.061 0 mg·g-1; Ca含量在异花授粉15d达到最高, 为3.714 5 mg·g-1; Mn含量在自花授粉30 d达到最高, 为2.161 5 mg·g-1。 Fe, P, Mg元素含量变化自交时呈“S”, 异交时呈“W”型曲线, Fe含量在自花授粉10 d达到最高, 为0.453 0 mg·g-1; P含量在自花授粉20 d达到最高, 为6.731 8 mg·g-1; Mg含量在自花授粉25 d达到最高, 为2.724 0 mg·g-1。 研究结果可为油茶花期喷施叶面肥, 提高油茶结实率和产量提供了一定的资料参考。

In order to elucidate the nutrition of Camellia oleifera at pollination and fertilization stages, the contents of mineral elements were determined by auto discrete analyzers and atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the change in the contents of mineral elements was studied and analysed under the condition of self- and cross-pollination. The results are showed that nine kinds of mineral elements contents were of “S” or “W” type curve changes at the pollination and fertilization stages of Camellia oleifera. N, K, Zn, Cu, Ca, Mn element content changes showed “S” curve under the self- and out-crossing, the content of N reaching the highest was 3.445 8 mg·g-1 in self-pollination of 20 d; K content reaching the highest at the cross-pollination 20 d was 6.275 5 mg·g-1; Zn content in self-pollination of 10 d reaching the highest was 0.070 5 mg·g-1; Cu content in the cross-pollination of 5 d up to the highest was 0.061 0 mg·g-1; Ca content in the cross-pollination of 15 d up to the highest was 3.714 5 mg·g-1; the content of Mn reaching the highest in self-pollination 30 d was 2.161 5 mg·g-1. Fe, P, Mg element content changes was of “S” type curve in selfing and was of “W” type curve in outcrossing, Fe content in the self-pollination 10 d up to the highest was 0.453 0 mg·g-1; P content in self-pollination of 20 d reaching the highest was 6.731 8 mg·g-1; the content of Mg up to the highest in self-pollination 25 d was 2.724 0 mg·g-1. The results can be used as a reference for spraying foliar fertilizer, and improving seed setting rate and yield in Camellia oleifera.