为了得到微观动态样品的三维形貌图, 提出了基于红蓝双小孔光阑的单物镜立体显微成像方法, 并建立了一个结构简单的单物镜立体显微系统。该系统在物镜出瞳处放置分别用红、蓝滤光片覆盖的双小孔光阑, 当采用白光照明时, 彩色CCD将接收到分别用红光和蓝光表示的两个不同视角的图像。采用数字图像处理方法可获得具有视差的立体像对, 基于相位的双目匹配算法可得到样品的三维形貌。实验结果表明, 该方法重构了微观样品, 其景深达到241.50 μm。与现有的双物镜体视显微方法相比, 设计的立体显微系统简单且紧凑, 利用单次拍摄即可得到微观动态样品的三维形貌图, 在显微镜和内窥镜中很有应用前景。

To obtain a 3D model of microscopic dynamic samples, a 3D microscopic imaging method based on a single objective and red-blue dual-apertures was proposed and a corresponding 3D microscopic specimen system for capturing images was established. In the system, the dual apertures covered with a red and a blue filters were respectively placed in the exit pupil plane of the objective. When it was illuminated by a white light, the color CCD in the imaging plane of objective could receive the perspective views of specimen expressed by red and blue images respectively at one exposure. The stereo image with an optical parallax for the specimen could be obtained by digital image processing, and the 3D model of the specimen could be further reconstructed by a phase matching algorithm. Experimental results indicate that the system has reconstructed the 3D model with a Central Depth Plane (CDP) up to 241.50 μm.As compared with double-objective 3D microscopic imaging systems, the proposed system is more compact and simpler and can obtain a 3D model of microscopic dynamic sample at one exposure, so that the system has important application prospects on microscopes and endoscopes.