由于单星敏感器横滚测量精度偏低会影响航向测量精度, 本文针对测量船的实际使用环境, 提出了基于视轴指向的双星敏感器船体姿态测量方法。介绍了单星敏感器船体姿态测量原理及其不足, 分析了星敏感器滚动角测量误差对船体姿态测量精度的影响。设计了双星敏感器船体姿态测量系统, 建立了基于视轴指向测量的双星敏感器船体姿态测量模型。最后, 对该算法模型进行了外场试验验证。试验结果表明, 基于双星敏感器的船体姿态测量方法获得的航向、纵摇及横摇测量精度分别为6.9″、5.7″及4.5″, 显著优于基于单星敏感器的船体姿态测量精度, 避免了星敏感器横滚测量精度对航向测量结果的影响, 为船用星敏感器的工程设计提供了参考依据。

As the precision of roll angle of a star sensor is much lower than that of pitch/yaw angles, it has great impact on the course precision of a space tracking ship. By considering the actual working environment of the space tracking ship, an efficient ship attitude determination method based on optical axis pointing of a dual star sensor was proposed. Firstly, the principle and the shortages of ship attitude determination method based on the single star sensor were presented, and the impact of roll angle of star sensor on ship attitude measurement precision was analyzed. Then, a new attitude measurement system based on dual star sensors was constructed, and its calculation model based on optical axis pointing was built. Finally, the outdoor experiments were carried out to verify the precision of the algorithm model. Experimental results indicate that the accuracy of ship attitude based on dual star sensors can reach to 6.9″, 5.7″and 4.5″ for the course , pitch angle and the roll angle, respectively. Comparing to the single star sensor, the precision of ship attitude determination is improved greatly, and the impact of roll of star sensor on course of the ship is avoided, which offers useful references for engineering application of star sensors used on space Tracking Telescommanding and Control (TT&C) ships.