为了提高气体开关的同步性,降低自放电概率和抖动,提出并设计了一种新型等离子体喷射触发气体开关。开关整体结构与传统的三电极场畸变开关相似,最大特点是在触发电极内部嵌入一个微型激励腔,用于产生等离子体喷射。研究了触发电压和气压对等离子体的喷射特性的影响,对比场畸变和等离子体喷射两种触发方式下开关触发特性的差异,并研究触发电压对开关性能的影响。实验结果表明: 等离子体喷射高度随触发电压的升高而增加,随气压的升高而降低; 采用等离子体喷射触发能够显著降低过压间隙的延时和抖动; 提高触发电压不但降低开关的抖动,而且还扩展开关稳定触发的工作范围; 当触发电压80 kV,工作系数27.4%,开关仍然能够可靠触发,延时和抖动分别为97.1 ns和3.5 ns。

A novel plasma-jet triggered gas switch (PJTGS) triggered by plasma jet is proposed to improve the working behaviour of gas switches, such as the jitter and pre-fire probability under low working ratio. The PJTGS has the configuration of a triple-electrode electric field distortion switch, but a micro-incentive chamber is embedded in the trigger electrode to form plasma jet. The influences of trigger voltage and pressure on characteristics of the PJTGS are studied. The differences of trigger performance of the PJTGS at the field distortion and plasma-jet triggering are investigated. In addition, the effects of trigger voltage are also documented. The results show that the height of plasma jet is influenced by gas pressure and trigger voltage. The jitter of the overvoltage gap can be reduced by the plasma-jet triggering. Increasing trigger voltage not only reduces switch jitter, but also broadens the range of working coefficient. When the working ratio is 27.4% and trigger voltage is 80 kV, the PJTGS can still be triggered with the delay time of 97 ns and jitter of 3.5 ns.