肥料的投入是土壤重金属累积的重要污染来源之一, 研究肥料中重金属的含量对于农产品的安全生产意义重大。 为了调查我国市售含磷肥料中重金属含量状况, 在部分省份农资销售点采集了159个含磷肥料样品, 包括国产和进口的。 应用ICP-MS和AFS分析测定了含磷肥料中Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, As和Hg八种重金属元素的含量。 结果表明, 采集的含磷肥料中含有一定量的重金属元素, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, As和Hg的均值分别为0.77, 35.6, 102.7, 24.1, 16.6, 15.4, 19.4和0.08 mg·kg-1肥料。 以P2O5为基础计算, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, As和Hg的均值分别为4.48, 258.4, 767.4, 190.0, 151.3, 134.5, 155.8和8.79 mg·kg-1 P2O5。 所有检测样品中, 只有一个磷酸一铵样品中As超标, 一个进口的磷酸二铵样品中Cd超标, 其余样品中重金属含量都符合肥料中砷、 镉、 铅、 铬、 汞生态指标要求（GB/T 23349-2009）。 分析了13个进口肥料样品中重金属含量, 重金属Cd的含量范围为0.02～27.2 mg·kg-1肥料, 均值和中位值分别为3.20和0.41 mg·kg-1肥料。 进口肥料中Cu, Cr和Hg高于国产肥料, 均值分别为39.4, 26.6和0.47 mg·kg-1肥料。

In order to investigate heavy metals in phosphorus fertilizers in China, 159 samples of phosphorus fertilizers including imported fertilizers and domestic fertilizers were collected from fertilizer markets, and the contents of heavy metals were determined by ICP-MS and AFS after microwave digestion. The results showed that the phosphorous fertilizers contained certain amount of heavy metals, and there was great variability in the contents of heavy metals. The mean contents of Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, As and Hg were 0.77, 35.6, 102.7, 24.1, 16.6, 15.4, 19.4 and 0.08 mg·kg-1 fertilizer, respectively; based on the calculation of P2O5, the mean contents of above heavy metals were 4.48, 258.4, 767.4, 190.0, 151.3, 134.5, 155.8 and 8.79 mg·kg-1 P2O5, respectively. The contents of heavy metals Cd, Cr, Pb, As and Hg in the tested samples accord with the ecological index of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury for fertilizers (GB/T 23349-2009), with the exception of Cd in one imported sample of diammonium phosphate and As in one sample of mono-ammonium phosphate. Analyzing the contents of heavy metals in imported fertilizers, the Cd contents in imported fertilizers was ranged from 0.02 to 27.2 mg·kg-1 fertilizer, the mean and median Cd contents in imported fertilizers were 3.20 and 0.41 mg·kg-1 fertilizer, respectively. And the Cu, Cr and Hg contents in the imported fertilizers were higher than that of domestic fertilizers, the mean contents of Cu, Cr and Hg in imported fertilizers were 39.4, 26.6 and 0.47 mg·kg-1 fertilizer, respectively.