亚麻籽是一种具有食用与药用价值的生物质, 富含多种营养物质与矿物质元素。 我国是亚麻籽的主要产地之一, 为探讨不同产地亚麻籽中矿物质元素与脂肪酸组成的主要特征成分, 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析了10个产地亚麻籽中的17种矿物质元素, 利用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析了于相同条件下提取的10个产地亚麻籽油脂中的脂肪酸组成。 采用主成分分析法对10个产地亚麻籽中的矿物质元素及脂肪酸组成进行了分析, 探讨了不同产地亚麻籽矿物质元素及脂肪酸组成的差异, 分析了矿物质元素及脂肪酸的主要特征成分。 结果表明, K, Sr, Mg, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Se, Zn和Cu是亚麻籽的主要特征矿物质元素, C16∶0, C18∶0, C18∶2, C18∶3, C20∶0, C20∶1是亚麻籽油脂的主要特征脂肪酸。 ICP-MS和GC-MS结合主成分分析, 可有效揭示不同产地亚麻籽中矿物质元素与脂肪酸组成的特征与差异, 进而为亚麻籽的合理、 有效利用提供重要的理论依据。

Flaxseed is a kind of biomass with high edible and medical value. It is rich in many kinds of nutrients and mineral elements. China is one of the important producing places of flaxseed. In order to explore the main characteristic constituents of mineral elements and fatty acids in flaxseed, the study of analyzing the mineral elements and fatty acid composition from 10 different regions was carried out. The contents of seventeen kinds of mineral elements in flaxseed were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The contents of fatty acids of the flaxseed oil obtained under the same conditions were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer(GC-MS). The principal component analysis(PCA) method was applied to the study of analyzing the mineral elements and fatty acid compositions in flaxseeds. The difference in mineral elements and fatty acids of flaxseed from different regions were discussed. The main characteristic constituents of mineral elements and fatty acids were analyzed. The results showed that K, Sr, Mg, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Se, Zn and Cu were the main characteristic constituents of the mineral elements. At the same time, C16∶0, C18∶0, C18∶2, C18∶3, C20∶0 and C20∶1 were the main characteristic constituents of the fatty acids. The combination of ICP-MS, GS-MS and PCA can reveal the characteristics and difference of mineral elements and fatty acids from different regions. The results would provide important theoretical basis for the reasonable and effective utilization of flaxseed.