研究并分析了一种加权最小二乘曲面法, 将其用于空间目标天文观测, 该方法不仅简单方便, 而且还能够用于高准确度、大数据量的天文定位.通过实际星空观测, 对连续拍摄的星图进行分析计算, 结果表明, 拟合均方误差在赤经和赤纬方向均优于4″.赤纬的定位准确度高于赤经的定位准确度, 在赤经与赤纬方向上的最大定位误差分别为5.13″和1.74″.该方法降低了恒星位置误差对观测结果的影响, 剔除了定标星的偶然匹配误差, 提高了观测数据的利用率以及天文定位准确度, 在实际工作中有较高的应用价值.

A method based on weighted least squares surface fitting was studied, which was used for astronomical observation space target. This method can be used in celestial positioning of high-precision and large data quantity, and it is also very simple. Through observing the real sky, the star maps continuously were calculated. The results show that the fitting mean square errors are all less than 4″ in the direction of ascension and declination. The positioning accuracy in the direction of declination is better than that of ascension, the max positioning error of the observed stars are 5.13″and 1.74″ in the direction of ascension and declination . It’s demonstrated that the effects of star centroid errors are reduced, and the match up errors are also removed. The utilization of observed data and the precision of celestial positioning is improved. The method is well suited for application.