针对当前签名密钥重复使用容易被破译,以及否认签名的攻击等问题,提出了一种基于单粒子的 仲裁量子签名方案(AQS)。该协议结合单向哈希函数和随机数,通过引入会话密钥从而使固有密钥可以 重复使用,在仲裁者验证签名的合法性之后,不再把相应的签名信息返回给接收者做进一步的验证, 从而解决否认签名攻击。同时,使用单粒子可以提高传输效率。经安全性分析,此签名方案可有效抵御各种主动攻击和被动攻击。

By employing a classical hash function and random numbers, an arbitrated quantum signature with single particle was put forward. One merit of the presented protocol is that the secret keys of signer and receiver can be reused. Since the receiver does not perform a further verification after the arbitrator verifies the validity of a signature, the scheme can stand against the disavowal attack. And it transmits less quantum bits. The security of the protocol was discussed briefly. It was shown that this protocol can effectively defense the assault of initiative or passiveness.