开展了一种用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)结合主成分分析(principle component analysis)和判别分析(discrimination analysis)识别蜂蜜品种的研究。实验选取三种不同品种的蜂蜜: 洋槐蜜, 葵花蜜和油菜蜜, 经湿法消解等预处理后, 利用ICP-MS分别测得蜂蜜样品中20种矿质元素的含量。结果表明电感耦合等离子体质谱法的精密度, 准确度以及回收率等满足要求, 洋槐蜜在主成分得分图上呈现一定的聚集趋势, 而葵花蜜和油菜蜜的聚集趋势不明显, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr, Ba, V, Fe, Ni, Sb等十种矿质元素能够成为鉴别蜂蜜品种的特征元素;通过逐步判别分析筛选出Mg, Sr, Ba, Ni, Sb, Cr和Na等七种矿质元素, 并利用贝叶斯判别对这些元素建立线性判别函数, 其中洋槐蜜的判别率为100%, 葵花蜜的判别率为80.8%, 有两个葵花蜜样品误判为油菜蜜, 油菜蜜的判别率为 90.9%, 有一个油菜蜜样品误判为洋槐蜜, 模型交叉验证总判别率为90.3%, 说明矿质元素对蜂蜜品种鉴别具有良好的分类和鉴别效果, 能够为研究蜂蜜品种与矿质元素之间的关系提供理论依据, 该方法具有简单、准确、稳定等特点, 可作为蜂蜜品种鉴别的可靠方法。

In order to identify honeys according to their floral origin, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA) were employed in the present study. Three kinds of honeys such as acacia honey samples, sunflower honey samples and rape honey samples were selected. It was pretreated by wet-acid digestionand measured 20 kinds of mineral elements in honey samples by ICP-MS. The result showed that the accuracy of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometrymeted the requirements. The result of principal component analysis demonstrated that the acacia honey samples were performed a trend of certain gather. The trend of the sunflower honey samples and the rape honey samples are not obvious. Ten kinds of mineral elements including Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr, Ba, V, Fe, Ni, Sb can be regarded as honey varieties of characteristic elements. Seven kinds of mineral elements such as Mg, Sr, Ba, Sb, Ni, Cr and Na could be selected through stepwise discriminant analysis. Using bayes discriminant analysis, A linear discriminant function can be recieved. The discrimination rate of honey samples such as acacia honey samples, sunflower samples and rape honey samples were 100%, 80% and 90.9% respectively. Two sunflower honey samples was misclassified into rape honey samples andone rape honey samples are also misclassified into acacia honey sample. The total rate of discriminant model cross validation was 90.3%. It is concluded that the mineral elements in honey varieties with good classification. The present study can provide theoretical basis and the relationship between thetypes ofhoney samples with mineral elements. The method what this study used had simple, accurate and stablecharacteristics, which can be used as a reliable method of honey sample identification.