对直接测距型激光主动成像系统进行了深入研究。按照工作方式分类介绍了国外相关研究机构激光主动成像系统的工作原理及系统参数, 归纳总结并比较分析了各工作方式的优缺点。分析认为: 基于单点或小面阵探测器配合光机扫描方案可实现较远作用距离, 但其对激光器重频要求较高, 后续数据处理复杂, 且系统体积、功耗较大;而基于Flash探测器的激光主动成像系统易于实现小型化, 对激光器重频要求较低。作用距离受限问题可通过电子扫描得以有效解决。在具体应用时, 需根据实际需求, 综合考虑系统体积、质量、功耗、激光器输出峰值功率及脉冲重复频率、所能获取的探测器类型、后续数据处理能力等多种因素折衷选取。

Laser active imaging system has been used in many fields due to its high precision of angular, range and velocity, so laser active imaging system with direct ranging are researched deeply. According to the operational mode, principle and systemic parameter of many laser active imaging systems from several overseas research institutes are introduced. The advantages and shortcomings of those operational modes are summarized and compared. Analyzing result shows that long operational range could be gained with single or small FPA combining optical-mechanical scanning. But the repeated- frequency of laser would be high and post data-processing is complicated with this method. The volume and power dissipation is also considerable. Compact laser active imaging system could be achieved easily with flash sensor and related repeated-frequency of laser is low. Although operational range is limited, it could be enhanced by using electronical steering method. In actural system, several factors, such as volume, weight and power dissipation of system, peak power and repeated frequency of laser, type of sensor and post data-processing capability, should be taken into account comprehensively to reach a comprise.